MANAMA (Reuters) - Formula
One cars took to the track in Bahrain on Friday, while the government,
hoping for a successful Grand Prix, squared off against activists
determined to mark it with "days of rage" after more than a year of Arab
Spring protests.
On the eve of Friday's practice session,
protests had flared in villages surrounding the capital, far from the
circuit where the race will be held. Police fired tear gas and stun
grenades to disperse demonstrators in clashes that have been building in
the week leading to Sunday's round of the World Championship.
Bahrain has been in turmoil since a
democracy movement erupted last year following uprisings in Egypt and
Tunisia. Protests were initially crushed with the loss of dozens of
lives, but youths still clash daily with riot police in Shi'ite Muslim
districts, and thousands take part in opposition rallies.
Bahrain's ruling al-Khalifa family, a
Sunni Muslim dynasty ruling a majority Shi'ite population caught between
neighbours Saudi Arabia and Iran with opposite sympathies in its
internal strife, hopes the race will offer an opportunity to tell the
world that life is returning to normal.
Unrest forced the cancellation of last
year's Grand Prix, and the 2012 race has been in doubt as Bahrain's
human rights record has come under fire from abroad.
Two members of the British-based Force
India team, travelling between Bahrain International Circuit and their
hotel in Manama, asked to go home after seeing burning petrol bombs in
what the government described as an isolated incident.
"A number of rioters and vandals had
been arrested for taking part in illegal rallies and gatherings,
blocking roads and endangering people's lives by attacking them with
petrol bombs, iron rods and stones," the Information Affairs Authority
said in a statement, citing Major-General Tariq Al Hassan.
The Force India team said it would
conduct only limited practice on Friday because of security fears.
Only small crowds were seen in the grandstand on Friday for an event
that has cost Bahrain an estimated $40 million to stage . The Grand Prix
drew 100,000 visitors to the nation of just 1.3 million and generated
half a billion dollars in spending when it was last held two years ago.
Opposition parties led by Shi'ite group
Wefaq planned to stage a march in a mainly Shi'ite residential district
outside Manama later on Friday to demand democratic reforms in a country
where the ruling Sunni Al Khalifa family dominates government.
Activists are taking the chance to press their case while the world is watching.
The leading Shi'ite cleric Sheikh Isa Qassim attacked the government in a sermon on Friday for ignoring popular demands.
"This is the crisis of a government that
does not want to acknowledge the right of people to rule by themselves
and choose their representatives," he said.
POLICE LOCKDOWN
Manama is under tight security, with
dozens of armoured vehicles stationed around the capital and the road to
the Bahrain International Circuit in Sakhir.
Though life in Manama's main commercial,
residential and tourist districts appears detached from the nightly
battles, tear gas often floats in from conflict zones around the
capital.
The death toll from the year of turmoil
has risen to around 70, activists say, with many due to heavy use of
tear gas. The government disputes the causes of death and accuses
protesters in Shi'ite villages of being saboteurs out to harm the
police.
Activists say riot police are trying to lock Shi'ites down in their villages to stop them gathering on main highways.
They say around 95 protest organisers
have been arrested in night raids in the past week and 54 people wounded
in clashes, with heavy use of birdshot. Police have declined to give
figures on arrests and injuries.
While sports journalists poured in to
cover the race, non-sports reporters from Reuters and some other news
organisations have not been granted visas to visit the Gulf island.
"Bahrain wants the international
attention brought by hosting a Grand Prix but doesn't want foreign
journalists to wander from the race track where they might see political
protests," said Robert Mahoney, deputy director of the Committee to
Protect Journalists in New York.
"Bahrain tells the outside world it has nothing to hide. If that's the
case, then it must allow journalists entry visas and let them report
freely," he added.
Bahrain is the base for the U.S. Navy's Fifth
Fleet, among whose tasks is deterring Iran from making good on recent
threats to disrupt Gulf oil tanker routes to the West.
Washington has only gently prodded Bahrain's rulers to improve their
human rights record and push forward political reforms, and does not
want to jeopardise ties with a ruling family it views as an ally in the
region.
"The F1 media spotlight will only highlight the ongoing troubles Bahrain
faces in the absence of any serious attempts at political compromise,"
wrote Chatham House analyst Jane Kinninmont in online magazine Foreign
Policy.